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Afamelanotide

Melanotan I, Scenesse

Tier 1 · FDA Approved
Class
MC1R-selective melanocortin agonist
Molecular target
MC1R
Sequence / structure
Ac-Ser-Tyr-Ser-Nle-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly-Lys-Pro-Val-NH2
Evidence tier
Tier 1 — FDA Approved
Category
Melanocortin

Biology & mechanism

A linear alpha-MSH analog with two substitutions — norleucine at position 4 and D-phenylalanine at position 7 — that confer protease resistance and greatly extended activity. Crucially, it is selective for MC1R, so it drives eumelanin synthesis in melanocytes without the MC4R-mediated appetite, nausea and erectile effects that make melanotan II so unpleasant. Eumelanin absorbs light and quenches free radicals, which is the therapeutic basis in porphyria.

What the research actually shows

Completed proper development. Trials in erythropoietic protoporphyria — a disease in which sunlight causes severe pain — demonstrated increased pain-free time in sunlight. It is delivered as a subcutaneous implant, not an injection.

Regulatory status

FDA-approved since 8 October 2019 as Scenesse, to increase pain-free light exposure in adults with erythropoietic protoporphyria. Prescription-only, administered by a certified provider. It is emphatically not approved as a tanning agent, and the contrast with its unapproved sibling melanotan II is the most instructive pairing in this library: same origin, one took the trials, one did not.

Safety signals

Implant-site reactions, nausea, headache. Melanocytic naevi darken, and monitoring is part of the approved protocol. It does not protect against UV-induced DNA damage in the way a sunscreen does.

No usage guidance is published here

Forge Bioenergy does not publish dosing, reconstitution, or administration protocols for any peptide. See our editorial policy for why. If you are considering any substance on this page, that conversation belongs with a licensed physician.

References & further reading

Regulatory status changes. This page reflects our reading of public sources as of July 2026 and should be independently verified before it is relied upon.

Important notice Forge Bioenergy publishes scientific reference information only. Nothing on this site is medical advice, a therapeutic claim, or a recommendation to use any substance in humans. Many peptides described here are not approved by the FDA for any use, and several are approved only for narrow indications under prescription. We do not publish dosing, administration, or usage protocols. Consult a licensed physician before making any medical decision.